history

Long Memories

Why Iran’s anger at America is rational — and why that is not the same as innocence I see two common frameworks weaving their way through Western media these days, and I’d like to correct them both at once, as… Read More ›

The Fall of Ming (明)

The end of Ming (明) (1368-1644) was about eight weeks of events that — literally — ended an empire. Note: Wu Sangui did not intend to give China to the Qing. He made a desperate tactical alliance against Li Zicheng… Read More ›

Thank you, France

This Thursday is the Fourth of July. Every Fourth of July, I say a little prayer of thanks to France. France bought from the fledgling U.S. its first-ever tranche of federal bonds, thereby giving Washington enough cash to buy guns…. Read More ›

O Captain! My Captain!

O Captain! my Captain! our fearful trip is done, The ship has weather’d every rack, the prize we sought is won, The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting, While follow eyes the steady keel, the… Read More ›